1. yum安装

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.  

以下全部引用自：
Redhat7中yum安装以及问题解决办法(YUM和wget都无法使用的情况下)

解决：

1. 检查系统环境

cat /etc/redhat-release

2. 检查yum包安装情况

rpm -qa |grep yum

3. 绝对不能先删除系统自带的yum包

4. 先安装wget

yum安装不上就只能手动下载传上去了

5. 删除系统自带的yum包

rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps（不检查依赖，直接删除rpm包）  
rpm -qa |grep yum （查询确认）

6. 下载yum安装包

下载地址：Index of /centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-8.el7.noarch.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-158.el7.centos.noarch.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm

7. 安装yum包

无视冲突强行安装

--force 即使覆盖属于其它包的文件也强迫安装  
--nodeps 如果该RPM包的安装依赖其它包，即使其它包没装，也强迫安装。  
rpm -ivh --force --nodeps yum*  最终的强制安装指令

8. 配置163源

yum-config-manager --add-repo="http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo"

Linux vi全局替换方法

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

更改文件中的“$releasever”为“7”，“RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6”为“RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7”
:%s/$releasever/7/ge   
:%s/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7/ge

更改后文件示例

#CentOS-Base.repo  
#  
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the  
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and  
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates  
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.  
#  
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the   
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.  
#  
#  

[base]  
name=CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=os  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  

#released updates   
[updates]  
name=CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  

#additional packages that may be useful  
[extras]  
name=CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages  
[centosplus]  
name=CentOS-7 - Plus - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  

#contrib - packages by Centos Users  
[contrib]  
name=CentOS-7 - Contrib - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

9. 清除缓存

clean all   #清理yum缓存，使设置生效  
yum makecache  #将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度

2. Docker CE 安装

以下全部引用自：
Centos7 安装 Docker-CE 社区版

1. 安装依赖

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

2. 配置镜像库

> yum-config-manager \
     --add-repo \
     https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
> yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-edge

也可改为国内镜像

yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

若要禁止edge版本

yum-config-manager --disable docker-ce-edge

3. 删除老版本docker

> yum list docker

Installed Packages
docker.x86_64                      2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos                      @extras
> sudo yum erase docker.x86_64
Removed:
  docker.x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos
> sudo yum list container-selinux-2.12-2.gite7096ce.el7.noarch

> sudo yum erase container-selinux.noarch

> yum list installed | grep docker
docker-client.x86_64                   2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos
docker-common.x86_64                   2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos
> sudo yum erase -y docker-client.x86_64
> sudo yum erase -y docker-common.x86_64

> sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-common \
                  container-selinux \
                  docker-selinux \
                  docker-engine

4. 安装docker

> sudo yum makecache fast

> sudo yum install docker-ce

如果生产系统需要稳定版本, 需要yum list进行查询. 但yum list只会显示二进制包, 加上.x86_64会显示包含源码包的全部的包。sort -r会按版本倒序排序.

> yum list docker-ce.x86_64  --showduplicates |sort -r
 * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
docker-ce.x86_64            17.05.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-edge
docker-ce.x86_64            17.04.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-edge
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn

第二列是版本号. el7表示centos7. 第三列是库名.

安装指定版本: sudo yum install docker-ce-

> sudo yum install docker-ce-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos
Installed:
  docker-ce.x86_64 0:17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos

Dependency Installed:
  docker-ce-selinux.noarch 0:17.05.0.ce-1.el7.centos

Complete!

5. 如果要删除

删除 docker-ce 版和镜像

> sudo yum remove docker-ce
> sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker

6. 启动Docker

> sudo systemctl start docker
> docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
78445dd45222: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:c5515758d4c5e1e838e9cd307f6c6a0d620b5e07e6f927b07d05f6d12a1ac8d7
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

7. 非root用户使用docker

将需要使用 docker 的用户加入 docker 用户组

建立 docker 组：

$ sudo groupadd docker

将当前用户加入 docker 组：

$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

8. docker自启动与禁止

sudo systemctl enable docker

禁止自启动

sudo systemctl disable docker

3. node.js安装

1. 通过包管理器安装

通过包管理器安装 Node.js

NodeSource Node.js Binary Distributions

Run as root on RHEL, CentOS or Fedora:

curl --silent --location https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup | bash -

Then install, as root:

yum -y install nodejs

Optional: install build tools

To compile and install native addons from npm you may also need to install build tools:

yum install gcc-c++ make
# or: yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'

sudo yum install nodejs npm

2. 使用 nvm 安装

centos 使用 nvm 安装 nodejs

1. 安装 nvm

How to Install NVM (Node Version Manager) for Node.js on CentOS 7

安装最新版git

wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cnpm/nvm/master/install.sh | bash
# or： curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.29.0/install.sh | bash

重启 shell ，输入 nvm --version 可以查看当前 nvm 的版本

2. 安装nodejs

nvm使用

nvm help

查看可安装版本

nvm ls-remote

安装

nvm install v4.6.0

node --version

查看当前已经安装的版本

nvm ls

切换版本

nvm use v4.6.0

设置默认版本

nvm alias default v4.6.0

4. linux删除工具

使用 Linux 安全删除工具

trash-cli - Command Line Interface to FreeDesktop.org Trash
防止误删文件

1. 安装

easy_install trash-cli
#or: yum install -y trash-cli

From sources
System-wide installation:

git clone https://github.com/andreafrancia/trash-cli.git
cd trash-cli
sudo python setup.py install
User-only installation:

git clone https://github.com/andreafrancia/trash-cli.git
cd trash-cli
python setup.py install --user

Installed /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/trash_cli-0.17.1.14_r0-py2.7.egg

2. 替代 rm命令

Make “rm” Command To Move The Files To “Trash Can” Instead Of Removing Them Completely

//Create a alias on .bashrc file.
alias rm=”trash-put”

source ~/.bashrc

3. 命令

trash-put  xxx        将文件或目录移入回收站

trash-empty     清空回收站

trash-list         列出回收站中的文件

restore-trash      还原回收站中的文件

trash-rm  xxx         删除回首站中的单个文件

5. ssh链接服务器

Connecting to a RedHat server with SSH

ssh -i "xxx.pem证书文件" 服务器地址

ssh: The authenticity of host ‘hostname’ can’t be established

使用ssh连接远程主机时加上-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no的选项，去掉对主机的验证检查

6. ssh链接github

以下引用自：
Centos 7 使用git 用 ssh 连接github服务器

生成ssh密钥

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "邮箱地址"

cat id_rsa.pub

复制内容到github的SSH and GPG keys里

测试能否链接

ssh -T git@github.com

ls后看到新增的known_hosts文件

7. Linux后台命令 nohup

Linux nohup用法

linux后台执行命令：&和nohup

nohup不挂起( no hang up)

nohup command &

nohup成功后还需要按终端上键盘任意键退回到shell输入命令窗口，然后通过在shell中输入exit来退出终端。

jobs查看在后台运行的命令，jobs -l查看pid。

8. 查询端口号占用并清除

lsof -i:80

kill pid